# 出师表介绍: 《出师表》是三国时期蜀汉丞相诸葛亮在北伐中原之前给后主刘禅上书的表文，阐述了北伐的必要性以及对后主刘... ## Quick Navigation - [Find Partners](https://www.hellotalk.com/partners.md): Discover language exchange partners worldwide - [Language Exchange](https://www.hellotalk.com/partners/exchange.md): Practice with native speakers worldwide - [Moments](https://www.hellotalk.com/moments.md): Share your language learning journey - [Topics](https://www.hellotalk.com/topics.md): Explore trending topics and discussions - [Chat & Messaging](https://www.hellotalk.com/features/chat.md): Text, voice, and video conversations - [Voice Rooms](https://www.hellotalk.com/features/voiceroom.md): Join live audio conversations - [Live Streaming](https://www.hellotalk.com/features/live-streaming.md): Interactive classes and language sessions - [Certified Teachers](https://www.hellotalk.com/features/certified-teachers.md): Learn from professional language instructors - [Immersive Learning](https://www.hellotalk.com/features/immersive-learning.md): Learn everywhere with instant translations - [Translation Tools](https://www.hellotalk.com/features/translation.md): Instant translation between any languages - [AI-Powered Apps](https://www.hellotalk.com/aiapps.md): Access specialized learning tools - [Language AI Apps](https://www.hellotalk.com/aiapps.md): Discover our AI-powered language learning applications - [All Features](https://www.hellotalk.com/features.md): Explore all learning features and tools - [Download](https://www.hellotalk.com/download.md): Get HelloTalk on iOS and Android ## Author - **Name**: 小李 - **Username**: @me_raiden129 ## Content 出师表介绍: 《出师表》是三国时期蜀汉丞相诸葛亮在北伐中原之前给后主刘禅上书的表文，阐述了北伐的必要性以及对后主刘禅治国寄予的期望，言辞恳切，写出了诸葛亮的一片忠诚之心。历史上有《前出师表》。至于三国演义中的后出师表，并没有证实。通常所说的《出师表》一般指《前出师表》。表，古代向帝王上书陈情言事的一种文体。 出师表原文: 先帝创业未半而中道崩殂(cú)，今天下三分，益州疲(pí)弊，此诚危急存亡之秋也。然侍卫之臣不懈(xiè)于内，忠志之士忘身于外者，盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。诚宜开张圣听，以光先帝遗(yí)德，恢弘志士之气，不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞(sè)忠谏之路也。 宫中府中，俱为一体，陟(zhì )罚臧(zāng)否(pǐ)，不宜异同。若有作奸犯科及为忠善者，宜付有司论其刑赏，以昭陛下平明之理，不宜偏私，使内外异法也。 侍中、侍郎郭攸(yōu)之、费祎(yī)、董允等，此皆良实，志虑忠纯，是以先帝简拔以遗(wèi)陛下。愚以为宫中之事，事无大小，悉以咨之，然后施行，必能裨(bì)补阙漏，有所广益。 将军向宠，性行（xíng）淑均，晓畅军事，试用于昔日，先帝称之曰能，是以众议举宠为督。愚以为营中之事，悉以咨之，必能使行(háng )阵和睦，优劣得所。 亲贤臣，远小人，此先汉所以兴隆也;亲小人，远贤臣，此后汉所以倾颓也。先帝在时，每与臣论此事，未尝不叹息痛恨于桓（huán）、灵也。侍中、尚书、长(zhǎng)史、参军，此悉贞良死节之臣，愿陛下亲之信之，则汉室之隆，可计日而待也。 臣本布衣，躬耕于南阳，苟全性命于乱世，不求闻(wén)达于诸侯。先帝不以臣卑（bēi）鄙（bǐ），猥(wěi)自枉屈，三顾臣于草庐之中，咨臣以当世之事，由是感激，遂许先帝以驱驰。后值倾覆，受任于败军之际，奉命于危难之间,尔来二十有(yòu)一年矣! 【“有”是通假字，通“又”，跟在数词后面表示约数。所以读yòu】 先帝知臣谨慎，故临崩寄臣以大事也。受命以来，夙(sù)夜忧叹，恐托付不效，以伤先帝之明，故五月渡（dù）泸，深入不毛。今南方已定，兵甲已足，当奖率三军，北定中原，庶(shù)竭驽(nú)钝，攘(rǎng)除奸凶，兴复汉室，还于旧都。此臣所以报先帝而忠陛下之职分也。至于斟酌损益，进尽忠言，则攸之、祎、允之任也。 愿陛下托臣以讨贼兴复之效，不效,则治臣之罪，以告先帝之灵。若无兴德之言，则责攸之、祎、允等之慢，以彰其咎(jiù)。陛下亦宜自谋，以咨诹(zōu)善道，察纳雅言，深追先帝遗诏。臣不胜受恩感激! 今当远离，临表涕零，不知所言。 ‌诸葛亮《出师表》的原稿已经不存在了‌。目前展出的是唐人书写的《诸葛亮出师表》原稿，但这是复制品，原稿在历史上已经失传‌。 ## Images 1. 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